7/2/2023 0 Comments High intensity![]() HIIT typically involves repeated short bouts of high-intensity exercise interspersed with active or inactive periods of recovery. It has attracted widespread attention among pediatric health and fitness professionals over the past decade and has been ranked among the top 10 in the American College of Sports Medicine Worldwide Survey of Fitness Trends since 2013. Therefore, identifying and evaluating effective, evidence-based, and enjoyable exercise strategies aimed at improving health and fitness would have important clinical implications for the SEN population.Īmong an array of exercise strategies, high-intensity interval training (HIIT) has emerged as a novel and time-efficient strategy for improving health-related fitness in children and adolescents compared with traditional training methods. It is important for this vulnerable population to participate in a suitable and adapted type of PA to improve independent functioning, quality of life, and well-being. Furthermore, children and adolescents with SEN are more likely to develop mental health problems, such as anxiety and problems with behavioral control, which could be the consequences of inadequate PA, excessive screen-based media exposure, social isolation, and feelings of loneliness. While SEN can cover a range of needs, including physical or mental disabilities and cognition or educational impairments, it appears that children and adolescents with SEN, regardless of the type, face some common barriers (e.g., lack of knowledge and skills, inadequate facilities, and cost) when engaging in PA. Although regular PA offers benefits for physical and mental well-being, children and adolescents with special educational needs (SEN) are considerably less physically active, tend to engage more in sedentary pursuits, and are at a higher risk for obesity than their typically developing peers. The current World Health Organization guidelines on physical activity (PA) recommend a minimum of 60 min/day of moderate-to-vigorous-intensity aerobic PA for children and adolescents, including those living with disabilities. ![]() Physical inactivity is a serious global health problem, and its association with non-communicable diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cancer, and premature mortality, is well documented. This study was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Review (PROSPERO registration number CRD42022352696). Further research investigating the benefits of HIIT in a wider range of SEN populations is warranted. This review provides up-to-date evidence for HIIT as a viable exercise strategy for children and adolescents with SEN. Improvements in mental health and cognitive performance following HIIT have also been observed. ![]() We found that HIIT generally improved body composition, physical fitness, and cardiometabolic risk biomarkers across a spectrum of SEN (e.g., attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, cerebral palsy, developmental coordination disorder, and mental illness). Of the 1727 studies yielded by the database search, 13 (453 participants) were included and reviewed. Studies were eligible if they 1) included an HIIT protocol, 2) examined parameters related to both physical and mental aspects of health and fitness, and 3) examined children and adolescents with SEN aged 5–17 years. MethodsĪ systematic search was conducted on eight databases (MEDLINE, Embase, SPORTDiscus, Web of Science, Scopus, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and Cochrane Library). This study aimed to examine HIIT as a means of improving key health and fitness parameters in children and adolescents with SEN. However, there remains little consensus in the literature regarding its efficacy in children and adolescents with special educational needs (SEN). High-intensity interval training (HIIT) has been promoted as a time-efficient exercise strategy to improve health and fitness in children and adolescents.
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